By Marcus Lu
This chart visualizes the results of a 2024 survey conducted by the ASEAN Studies Centre at the ISEAS-Yusof Ishak Institute.
Nearly 2,000 respondents from 10 countries were asked to select which country/region they believe has the most influential economic power in Southeast Asia.
The countries surveyed are all member states of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN), a political and economic union of 10 countries in Southeast Asia.
Southeast Asia Perceptions: Who’s Got Economic Influence?
Across all ASEAN nations, China is regarded as the region’s most influential economic power.
Laos and Thailand had the highest share of respondents picking China, at 78% and 71% respectively. As the report points out, China is Laos’ largest foreign investor as well as its top export market.
| Country |  China |
 ASEAN |
 U.S. |
|---|---|---|---|
 Brunei |
64% | 18% | 8% |
 Cambodia |
60% | 11% | 20% |
 Indonesia |
54% | 28% | 8% |
 Laos |
78% | 8% | 8% |
 Malaysia |
67% | 17% | 9% |
 Myanmar |
60% | 7% | 20% |
 Philippines |
31% | 26% | 28% |
 Singapore |
60% | 15% | 21% |
 Thailand |
71% | 9% | 11% |
 Vietnam |
53% | 29% | 11% |
Note: Percentages are rounded.
Other ASEAN countries usually score highly as well, along with the United States.
It’s only in the Philippines, where China (31%), the U.S. (28%) and ASEAN (26%) were perceived as having a similar amount of influence.
ASEAN, Japan, and the EU
Filipinos also rated Japan’s economic influence the highest (9%) compared to those surveyed in other ASEAN countries. In 2023, the Southeast Asian bloc celebrated 50 years of friendship with Japan, marking it as one of their most important “dialogue partners.”
| Country |  Japan |
 EU |
 Other |
|---|---|---|---|
| Brunei |
3% | 1% | 7% |
| Cambodia |
1% | 5% | 3% |
| Indonesia |
5% | 1% | 3% |
| Laos |
1% | 4% | 1% |
| Malaysia |
4% | 0% | 2% |
| Myanmar |
6% | 6% | 2% |
| Philippines |
9% | 4% | 3% |
| Singapore |
3% | 0% | 2% |
| Thailand |
3% | 4% | 4% |
| Vietnam |
3% | 3% | 2% |
Note: Percentages are rounded. Other countries include: Australia, South Korea, India, and the UK.
The EU also received single-percentage responses, its highest share coming from Myanmar (6%), Cambodia (5%), and Laos (4%).
Finally, the report contrasted China’s robust economic influence with concerns about its growing impact in the region. Respondents from Vietnam (88%), Myanmar (88%), and Thailand (80%) had the highest levels of concern, despite their countries’ strong trade ties with China.
Source: Visual Capitalist
