Ranked: The World’s 20 Largest Economies, by GDP (PPP)

The New Diplomat
Writer

Ad

Surprise as Tinubu Overturns NTA shake-up, reinstates Abdullah Dembos, Ayo Adewuyi

By Obinna Uballa President Bola Tinubu has reversed recent leadership changes at the Nigerian Television Authority (NTA), ordering the reinstatement of Director-General Salihu Abdullahi Dembos and Executive Director of News Ayo Adewuyi, triggering surprises in the Broadcast industry. The Special Adviser to the President on Information and Strategy, Bayo Onanuga, confirmed the directive in a…

Chatham House Rebuts Tinubu, Says Corruption Still Crippling Nigeria’s Growth

By Obinna Uballa United Kingdom based policy institute, Chatham House, has countered President Bola Tinubu’s recent claim that his administration has eradicated corruption in Nigeria, asserting that the vice remains deeply entrenched and continues to undermine the country’s economic growth and governance structures. In a new report authored by Dr. Leena Hoffmann, Associate Fellow of…

Ranked: Top Sources of Billionaire Wealth by Industry

Key Takeaways Forbes found finance and investments leads the top sources of billionaire wealth (464 billionaires) in 2025. Technology is the second-most common sector for billionaires (401), adding 59 new names since 2024. The world’s ultra-rich aren’t evenly spread across either the globe or the economy. Instead, their fortunes tend to cluster in a handful of high-growth, high-margin industries. This…

Ad

Born during the 1970s oil crisis, the G7 emerged as a group of the world economy’s cool kids: large, mature, high-income economies dominating key global sectors.

Then, in the 2000s, BRICS showed up—a collection of countries mostly from the “Global South”— vying for influence with their steadily growing economic might, boosted by globalization. Now they’re positioned as competitors to the G7.

Together, both groups are in the G20, the world’s 20 largest economies, which accounts for 70–85% of the world economy (depending if nominal or PPP-adjusted GDP is used).

ℹ️ Despite its name, the G20 only has 19 members who are sovereign states. The EU and African Union are regional organizations that are also members of the group, but are excluded from calculations in this article.

 

This chart shows the value of each G20 member’s GDP in 2024, adjusted for purchasing power parity (PPP). Data is sourced from the International Monetary Fund as of October, 2024.

All figures are rounded and in International dollars.

Ranked: G20 Countries, by PPP-Adjusted GDP (2024)

Since 2014, China has been the world’s largest economy by PPP-adjusted output. By market exchange rates, it’s still second in the world.

Meanwhile, here’s all G20 members ranked by their PPP-adjusted GDP in 2024.

Rank G20 Member PPP-adjusted GDP (2024)
in International dollars
Share of G20 Affiliation
1 🇨🇳 China $33.1T 24% BRICS
2 🇺🇸 U.S. $29.2T 21% G7
3 🇮🇳 India $16.0T 12% BRICS
4 🇷🇺 Russia $6.9T 5% BRICS
5 🇯🇵 Japan $6.6T 5% G7
6 🇩🇪 Germany $6.0T 4% G7
7 🇧🇷 Brazil $4.7T 3% BRICS
8 🇮🇩 Indonesia $4.7T 3% Others
9 🇫🇷 France $4.4T 3% G7
10 🇬🇧 UK $4.3T 3% G7
11 🇮🇹 Italy $3.6T 3% G7
12 🇹🇷 Türkiye $3.5T 3% Others
13 🇲🇽 Mexico $3.3T 2% Others
14 🇰🇷 South Korea $3.3T 2% Others
15 🇨🇦 Canada $2.6T 2% G7
16 🇸🇦 Saudi Arabia $2.1T 2% Others
17 🇦🇺 Australia $1.9T 1% Others
18 🇦🇷 Argentina $1.4T 1% Others
19 🇿🇦 South Africa $994B 1% BRICS
🌐 G20 Total $138.3T 100%
ℹ️ Unclear how purchasing power parity works and why there’s a difference? Read the last section of this article for an explanation.
At second place, the U.S. is about $4 trillion behind China by this particular metric.

India is ranked third, with its PPP–adjusted GDP nearly four times that of its nominal GDP and Russia and Japan round out the top five.

When looking at it through the lens of geopolitics, the BRICS countries are doing better collectively than the G7, aided in great part by India’s massive boost.

Why Use PPP-adjusted GDP?
First, how is this even calculated? In simple terms: a country’s GDP is converted into a common currency (International dollars) using exchange rates that account for differences in price levels between countries. This ensures that the same basket of goods and services has the same cost across nations, reflecting real economic output.

The upside of using this is that the relative strength of low and middle income countries is accounted for, since costs are lower than their high income counterparts.

This is why India’s PPP-adjusted GDP is so much higher compared to its nominal one.

There are criticisms of this. To create a common basket of goods assumes that people everywhere buy the same types of goods and services, which isn’t always true. Then, the data used for these calculations, especially in developing countries, can be outdated or unreliable.

It also doesn’t account for differences in the quality of products or the structure of different economies. And while adjusting for cost of living can be useful, actual currency exchange rates are still needed for trade and investment decisions, making it less practical in some cases.

Credit: Visual Capitalist

Ad

X whatsapp